TY - JOUR T1 - Crowdsourced Doppler measurements of time standard stations demonstrating ionospheric variability JF - Earth System Science Data Y1 - 2023 A1 - Collins, Kristina A1 - Gibbons, John A1 - Frissell, Nathaniel A1 - Montare, Aidan A1 - Kazdan, David A1 - Kalmbach, Darren A1 - Swartz, David A1 - Benedict, Robert A1 - Romanek, Veronica A1 - Boedicker, Rachel A1 - Liles, William A1 - Engelke, William A1 - McGaw, David G. A1 - Farmer, James A1 - Mikitin, Gary A1 - Hobart, Joseph A1 - Kavanagh, George A1 - Chakraborty, Shibaji AB -

Ionospheric variability produces measurable effects in Doppler shift of HF (high-frequency, 3–30 MHz) skywave signals. These effects are straightforward to measure with low-cost equipment and are conducive to citizen science campaigns. The low-cost Personal Space Weather Station (PSWS) network is a modular network of community-maintained, open-source receivers, which measure Doppler shift in the precise carrier signals of time standard stations. The primary goal of this paper is to explain the types of measurements this instrument can make and some of its use cases, demonstrating its role as the building block for a large-scale ionospheric and HF propagation measurement network which complements existing professional networks. Here, data from the PSWS network are presented for a period of time spanning late 2019 to early 2022. Software tools for the visualization and analysis of this living dataset are also discussed and provided. These tools are robust to data interruptions and to the addition, removal or modification of stations, allowing both short- and long-term visualization at higher density and faster cadence than other methods. These data may be used to supplement observations made with other geospace instruments in event-based analyses, e.g., traveling ionospheric disturbances and solar flares, and to assess the accuracy of the bottomside estimates of ionospheric models by comparing the oblique paths obtained by ionospheric ray tracers with those obtained by these receivers. The data are archived at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6622111 (Collins2022).

VL - 15 UR - https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/15/1403/2023/https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/15/1403/2023/essd-15-1403-2023.pdf IS - 3 JO - Earth Syst. Sci. Data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Heliophysics and amateur radio: citizen science collaborations for atmospheric, ionospheric, and space physics research and operations JF - Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences Y1 - 2023 A1 - Frissell, Nathaniel A. A1 - Ackermann, John R. A1 - Alexander, Jesse N. A1 - Benedict, Robert L. A1 - Blackwell, William C. A1 - Boedicker, Rachel K. A1 - Cerwin, Stephen A. A1 - Collins, Kristina V. A1 - Cowling, Scott H. A1 - Deacon, Chris A1 - Diehl, Devin M. A1 - Di Mare, Francesca A1 - Duffy, Timothy J. A1 - Edson, Laura Brandt A1 - Engelke, William D. A1 - Farmer, James O. A1 - Frissell, Rachel M. A1 - Gerzoff, Robert B. A1 - Gibbons, John A1 - Griffiths, Gwyn A1 - Holm, Sverre A1 - Howell, Frank M. A1 - Kaeppler, Stephen R. A1 - Kavanagh, George A1 - Kazdan, David A1 - Kim, Hyomin A1 - Larsen, David R. A1 - Ledvina, Vincent E. A1 - Liles, William A1 - Lo, Sam A1 - Lombardi, Michael A. A1 - MacDonald, Elizabeth A. A1 - Madey, Julius A1 - McDermott, Thomas C. A1 - McGaw, David G. A1 - McGwier, Robert W. A1 - Mikitin, Gary A. A1 - Miller, Ethan S. A1 - Mitchell, Cathryn A1 - Montare, Aidan A1 - Nguyen, Cuong D. A1 - Nordberg, Peter N. A1 - Perry, Gareth W. A1 - Piccini, Gerard N. A1 - Pozerski, Stanley W. A1 - Reif, Robert H. A1 - Rizzo, Jonathan D. A1 - Robinett, Robert S. A1 - Romanek, Veronica I. A1 - Sami, Simal A1 - Sanchez, Diego F. A1 - Sarwar, Muhammad Shaaf A1 - Schwartz, Jay A. A1 - Serra, H. Lawrence A1 - Silver, H. Ward A1 - Skov, Tamitha Mulligan A1 - Swartz, David A. A1 - Themens, David R. A1 - Tholley, Francis H. A1 - West, Mary Lou A1 - Wilcox, Ronald C. A1 - Witten, David A1 - Witvliet, Ben A. A1 - Yadav, Nisha AB -

The amateur radio community is a global, highly engaged, and technical community with an intense interest in space weather, its underlying physics, and how it impacts radio communications. The large-scale observational capabilities of distributed instrumentation fielded by amateur radio operators and radio science enthusiasts offers a tremendous opportunity to advance the fields of heliophysics, radio science, and space weather. Well-established amateur radio networks like the RBN, WSPRNet, and PSKReporter already provide rich, ever-growing, long-term data of bottomside ionospheric observations. Up-and-coming purpose-built citizen science networks, and their associated novel instruments, offer opportunities for citizen scientists, professional researchers, and industry to field networks for specific science questions and operational needs. Here, we discuss the scientific and technical capabilities of the global amateur radio community, review methods of collaboration between the amateur radio and professional scientific community, and review recent peer-reviewed studies that have made use of amateur radio data and methods. Finally, we present recommendations submitted to the U.S. National Academy of Science Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024–2033 for using amateur radio to further advance heliophysics and for fostering deeper collaborations between the professional science and amateur radio communities. Technical recommendations include increasing support for distributed instrumentation fielded by amateur radio operators and citizen scientists, developing novel transmissions of RF signals that can be used in citizen science experiments, developing new amateur radio modes that simultaneously allow for communications and ionospheric sounding, and formally incorporating the amateur radio community and its observational assets into the Space Weather R2O2R framework. Collaborative recommendations include allocating resources for amateur radio citizen science research projects and activities, developing amateur radio research and educational activities in collaboration with leading organizations within the amateur radio community, facilitating communication and collegiality between professional researchers and amateurs, ensuring that proposed projects are of a mutual benefit to both the professional research and amateur radio communities, and working towards diverse, equitable, and inclusive communities.

VL - 10 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1184171/fullhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1184171/full JO - Front. Astron. Space Sci. ER - TY - Generic T1 - Coherent CW: A Technician’s HF Digital Mode T2 - ARRL-TAPR Digital Communications Conference Y1 - 2021 A1 - Kazdan, David A1 - Montare Aidan JF - ARRL-TAPR Digital Communications Conference PB - ARRL-TAPR CY - Virtual UR - https://youtu.be/kVY3E3e--_I?t=5168 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Construction and Operation of a HamSCI Grape Version 1 Personal Space Weather Station: A Citizen Scientist’s Perspective T2 - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting Y1 - 2021 A1 - Hobart, Joseph R. A1 - Farmer, James O. A1 - Mikitin, Gary A1 - Waugh, David A1 - Benedict, Robert A1 - Cerwin, Stephen A. A1 - Collins, Kristina V, A1 - Kazdan, David A1 - Gibbons, John A1 - Romanek, Veronica I. A1 - Frissell, Nathaniel A. AB -

Measurement of Doppler shifts of high frequency (HF) radio signals emitted by precision frequency transmitters is a well-established technique for the detection of traveling ionospheric disturbances and other perturbations in the bottomside ionosphere. Because Doppler measurements require minimal instrumentation, this technique naturally lends itself to crowdsourced data collection, and purpose-built instrumentation platforms are desirable in order to maximize consistency and repeatability. However, even the best system only has value if it is used, and a robust and engaged community of citizen scientists is vital to sustaining instrumentation platforms. The Ham Radio Science Citizen Investigation (HamSCI) has developed a prototype, low-cost system for making HF Doppler shift measurements of signals from standards stations such as WWV (Fort Collins, Colorado, USA) and CHU (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada). This system, known as the Personal Space Weather Station Grape Version 1, consists of a low intermediate frequency (IF) mixer board, GPS disciplined oscillator, and Raspberry Pi. In collaboration with funded project scientists and engineers, volunteer HamSCI community members developed instructions for building and operating a Grape Version 1 on the HamSCI website. In this presentation, we explain the process for constructing a Grape Version 1 and discuss the experiences of volunteers who have built and are now operating this system. We also discuss preliminary data from these stations, which show dramatic Doppler shifts during sunrise and sunset and during solar events. Concurrent data from multiple proximal stations show shared features and can be used for validation. These stations constitute the first iteration of the Personal Space Weather Station network.

JF - American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting PB - American Geophysical Union CY - New Orleans, LA UR - https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm21/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/845691 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ham Radio Forms a Planet-Sized Space Weather Sensor Network JF - Eos Y1 - 2021 A1 - Collins, Kristina A1 - Kazdan, David A1 - Frissell, Nathaniel VL - 102 UR - https://eos.org/features/ham-radio-forms-a-planet-sized-space-weather-sensor-network JO - Eos ER - TY - Generic T1 - HamSCI Personal Space Weather Station (PSWS): Fall 2021 Update T2 - TAPR-ARRL Digital Communications Conference Y1 - 2021 A1 - Frissell, Nathaniel A. A1 - Joshi, Dev Raj A1 - Collins, Kristina A1 - Montare Aidan A1 - Kazdan, David A1 - Engelke, William D. A1 - Atkison, Travis A1 - Kim, Hyomin A1 - Cowling, Scott H. A1 - McDermott, Thomas C. A1 - Ackermann, John A1 - Witten, David A1 - Madey, Jules A1 - Silver, H. Ward A1 - Liles, W. A1 - Cerwin, Stephen A. A1 - Erickson, Phillip J. A1 - Miller, Ethan S, A1 - Vierinen, Juha JF - TAPR-ARRL Digital Communications Conference PB - ARRL-TAPR CY - Virtual UR - https://youtu.be/MHkz7jNynOg?t=1990 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Frequency Estimation Techniques T2 - ARRL-TAPR Digital Communications Conference Y1 - 2020 A1 - Kazdan, David JF - ARRL-TAPR Digital Communications Conference PB - ARRL-TAPR CY - Virtual UR - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9p0FpZkxE4 ER - TY - CONF T1 - WWV Doppler Receiver (Demonstration) T2 - HamSCI Workshop 2019 Y1 - 2019 A1 - Kazdan, David JF - HamSCI Workshop 2019 PB - HamSCI CY - Cleveland, OH ER -